Lidokainpiller

The cochlea is an important component of the inner ear, responsible for converting mechanical sound waves into neural electrical signals. Cochlear hair cells are divided into inner hair cells and outer hair cells. Inner hair cells are mainly responsible for transmitting sound signals to the auditory nerve, while outer hair cells have the function of amplifying sound signals. There are static ciliary -buntar högst upp i hårcellerna . När ljudvågor får källarmembranet att vibrera, avböjer de statiska ciliära buntarna och därmed utlöser elektrofysiologiska förändringar i hårceller .}

Spänningsgrindade kanaler är en typ av jonkanal som är känslig för förändringar i membranpotential . De har en komplex struktur och består av flera underenheter . i cochlear hårceller, de huvudsakliga spänningsgrindade kanalerna inkluderar kaliumkanaler, kalciumjonkanaler, sodrium, sodium-channel, osv. Strukturer och spänningsreceptorer . När membranpotentialen förändras genomgår spänningsreceptorerna konformationella förändringar, vilket får kanalerna att öppna eller stänga och därmed reglera transmembranflödet av joner .}

Funktion av spänningsgrindade kanaler i hörselledning

Voltage-gated channels play a key role in the electrophysiological activities of cochlear hair cells. Potassium ion channels are responsible for maintaining the resting membrane potential of hair cells and regulating the excitability of the cells. Calcium ion channels open under sound stimulation, allowing calcium ions to flow inward and triggering the release of neurotransmitters, which transmit sound signals to the auditory nerve. Sodium ion channels are involved in the generation and conduction of action potentials, enabling auditory signals to be rapidly transmitted to the central nervous system. The synergistic effect of these channels ensures the accurate transmission and processing of auditory signals.

Multiple animal experiments have shown that lidocaine and its metabolites have inhibitory effects on voltage-gated channels in cochlear hair cells. For instance, some studies have applied lidocaine or its metabolites to isolated cochlear hair cells, and recorded the changes in channel current through patch clamp technology. The results show that after drug treatment, the current amplitudes of potassium Jonkanaler och kalciumjonkanaler reduceras signifikant, och öppningens sannolikhet för kanalerna minskas, vilket indikerar att läkemedlet har en direkt hämmande effekt på kanalerna . Vidare har vissa experiment också funnit att långvarig exponering för lidocaine eller dess metaboliter kan leda till skada och dödsfall av cochlear, ytterligare påverkande av auditiska funktioner {{{{{{}}})

In clinical practice, there are also some reports on hearing impairment caused by lidocaine. For instance, some patients have experienced symptoms such as hearing loss and tinnitus after receiving local anesthesia with lidocaine or anti-arrhythmic treatment. The results of the hearing test show that the patient's hearing threshold is elevated and the auditory evoked potential is abnormal. These symptoms can gradually ease in some patients after drug withdrawal, but there are also some patients whose hearing impairment persists. These clinical cases suggest that lidocaine and its metabolites may have adverse effects on the auditory system, and the mechanism may be related to the "damping effect" on the voltage-gated channels of cochlear hair Celler .